The United States Army Criminal Investigation Division (CID) is the Army’s premier federal law enforcement agency, tasked primarily with investigating felony-level crimes and serious violations of military law within the U.S. Army. Operating independently from the military police chain of command, CID special agents—both military and civilian—conduct thorough criminal investigations to uphold the Uniform Code of Military Justice (UCMJ), protect national security, and maintain Army integrity[2][3]. CID's mission encompasses investigating a broad spectrum of serious crimes, including fraud, sexual abuse and harassment, drug offenses, violent crimes, war crimes, and terrorism-related activities. Their responsibilities also include forensic analysis, protective services, criminal intelligence gathering, and collaboration with other military and civilian law enforcement agencies[1][3][4]. Agents process crime scenes, collect evidence, interview witnesses and suspects, and support prosecutions, ensuring investigations are legally sufficient and objective[3][5]. Historically, the CID was reestablished in January 1944 under the Provost Marshal General to oversee Army criminal investigations, coordinate between commands, and set investigative standards. Since then, it has evolved into an autonomous agency reporting directly to the Under Secretary and Secretary of the Army. In response to critical reviews, such as the Fort Hood Report, CID has undergone recent reforms, including appointing a civilian director, separating from the Military Police chain, and emphasizing specialized investigative training to increase effectiveness and professionalism[2]. Today, CID employs over 3,000 personnel stationed at more than 120 locations worldwide. This global presence enables timely and comprehensive investigations to protect Army personnel, resources, and capabilities. CID also offers specialized roles such as forensic science experts and criminal analysts who enhance investigative outcomes through cutting-edge technology and data analysis[6][4]. Notably, CID’s independent status, extensive jurisdiction, and integration of advanced forensic and intelligence capabilities make it a critical player in military law enforcement, national security, and justice within the Army framework[2][3].